In the heart of Hattiesburg, Mississippi, lies a gem of American history that stands as a testament to the valor and contributions of African American soldiers—the African American Military History Museum. This museum, housed in the East Sixth Street USO Building, offers an enriching journey through the annals of military history, focusing on the often-overlooked stories of African American service members. Whether you're a history buff, a student, or simply curious about the past, this museum promises a compelling and educational experience.
Constructed in 1942, the East Sixth Street USO Building was a beacon of hope and camaraderie for African American soldiers stationed at Camp Shelby during World War II. Unlike many other USO clubs of the era, this building was specifically designed to serve African American troops, a reflection of the segregated military and society of the time. The support for this establishment came from both the Black and White communities in Hattiesburg, making it a unique symbol of unity amid a period of division.
The building itself is a T-shaped wood-frame structure, featuring an auditorium, stage, lobby, restrooms, dressing rooms, meeting rooms, and a central brick chimney. The auditorium, measuring 34 by 55 feet, was the heart of the USO club, where soldiers could relax, socialize, and enjoy various forms of entertainment. The stage, raised three feet above the floor, hosted numerous performances that lifted the spirits of those far from home.
During its operation from 1942 to 1946, the East Sixth Street USO Club was more than just a recreational facility; it was a sanctuary for African American soldiers. The club offered a range of services, including a library, a darkroom for photography enthusiasts, a lounge, counseling services, music, mail service, religious literature, and even sewing services. It was a place where soldiers could find solace, connect with loved ones, and momentarily escape the harsh realities of war.
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After the war, the building continued to serve the community in various capacities. It housed the N.R. Burger Center, which functioned as a museum and community space, celebrating the contributions of African American soldiers through displays of historical documents, artifacts, and photographs. In 2009, the building underwent a significant renovation to become the African American Military History Museum, opening its doors to the public on May 23 of that year.
The museum's exhibits span a wide range of historical periods, including the Revolutionary War, the era of the Buffalo Soldiers, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, Desert Storm, and the Global War on Terrorism. Each exhibit offers a deep dive into the experiences and sacrifices of African American soldiers, providing a comprehensive understanding of their role in shaping American history.
In February 2013, the museum faced a significant challenge when an EF-4 tornado swept through Hattiesburg, causing extensive damage to the building and its exhibits. The roof was severely damaged, allowing rain to soak many of the artifacts. The museum was forced to close for a year while restoration efforts were underway. Despite the estimated $450,000 in damage to the building and $600,000 to the contents, the museum reopened on February 6, 2014, stronger and more resilient than ever.
Visitors to the African American Military History Museum are greeted by a wealth of exhibits that bring history to life. The Revolutionary War exhibit highlights the contributions of African American soldiers in the fight for independence, while the Buffalo Soldiers exhibit tells the story of the all-Black regiments that played a crucial role in the post-Civil War era.
The World War I and World War II exhibits delve into the experiences of African American soldiers during these pivotal conflicts, showcasing their bravery and resilience in the face of adversity. The Korean War and Vietnam War exhibits continue this narrative, highlighting the ongoing struggles and triumphs of African American service members.
The museum also features exhibits on more recent conflicts, including Desert Storm and the Global War on Terrorism, providing a comprehensive overview of African American military history. The Hattiesburg Hall of Honor pays tribute to local heroes, ensuring that their stories are preserved for future generations.
A visit to the African American Military History Museum is not just an educational experience; it's a journey through time that honors the legacy of those who have served. The museum stands as a powerful reminder of the contributions and sacrifices of African American soldiers, offering a unique perspective on American history.
Whether you're a local resident or a visitor to Hattiesburg, the African American Military History Museum is a must-see destination. It provides a profound and moving tribute to the men and women who have fought for freedom and equality, making it an essential stop on any tour of this historic city.
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